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Here you will find the papers that led to the finding that Pakistan is the global hotspot for grey wolf diversity, as well as additional papers by our team members and other Pakistani scientists. Check back as we discover more papers and continue to update this page!
A comprehensive look at the evolutionary history of wolves across Asia
Hennelly et al 2026. Continent-wide view of genomic diversity and divergence in the wolves of Asia. Communications Biology (9) 330
IUCN Red list update for Indian wolf published in Oct 2025.
Hennelly, L.M., Khan, S., Sadhukhan, S., Sarwar, G., Yellapu, S., Viranta, S., Jhala, Y.V. & Habib, B. 2025. Canis lupus ssp. pallipes. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Pakistan is a global hotpot of wolf diversity.
Hennelly et al 2024. Genomic analysis of wolves from Pakistan clarifies boundaries among three divergent wolf lineages. Journal of Heredity 115 (4): 339-348.
Indian wolves are the world's most ancient wolf lineage!
Hennelly et al. 2021. Ancient divergence of Indian and Tibetan wolves revealed by recombination-aware phylogenomics. Molecular Ecology 8:16
Scat analysis found that livestock formed 53% of the recorded diet, with most reported depredation occurring at night and during winter.
Khan et al. 2020. Distribution, diet menu and human conflict of grey wolf Canis lupus in Mahoodand Valley, Swat District, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 52(1):179–191.
The wolves carried mitochondrial haplotypes similar to wolves from Iran and Saudi Arabia, relied heavily on livestock in summer, and suffered 28 reported retaliatory killings.
Hamid et al. 2019. Origin, ecology and human conflict of gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Suleman Range, South Waziristan, Pakistan. Mammalia 83(6):539–551.
Foxes and jackals coexist by partitioning time
Foxes and jackals coexist by partitioning time
Red foxes were most active late at night, while Asiatic jackals peaked around dawn and dusk
Farooq et al. 2025. Niche segregation and habitat suitability of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Asiatic Jackal (Canis aureus), two sympatric canids in northern Punjab (Pothwar Plateau), Pakistan. Zoological Studies 64:17.
DNA identified 248 scats from ten carnivore species and showed that red fox and jackal scats had the highest field-identification error rates.
Fatima et al. 2023. Distributional patterns and habitat association of sympatric carnivores in Margalla Hills National Park, Pakistan, and a comparison of conventional versus molecular identification in carnivore scatology. Animal Biology 73:379–398.
Would you like to feature your papers related to conservation and wildlife in Pakistan? Email us at pakistanwolfproject@gmail.com
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